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This paper describes the elements of an eight-year
collaboration between Villanova University and the Julia de
Burgos Bilingual Magnet Middle School (now, Julia de Burgos
Bilingual Elementary School) designed to redress some of the
obstacles to learning new technologies that affect young
children from low income neighborhoods. The collaboration has
its origins in the program in ethical issues in computing
required of all computing sciences and information sciences
majors specifically, in the course module devoted to
societal inequities involving access to computers and their
use. In turn, the collaboration has become an important
source of materials and insights for the computer ethics
course.
At the inception of the Villanova Julia de Burgos
collaboration, the school was, as noted, a bilingual middle
school in an economically disadvantaged, drug-ridden, and
dangerous neighborhood of North Philadelphia. The school
population was almost exclusively Hispanic (68%) and African
American (31%) with more than three-quarters of the children
eligible for free lunch, a widely accepted marker of
community poverty. Julia de Burgos owed its magnet
designation in part to its status as a bilingual school, but
more importantly, to its organization into small,
thematically-based, quasi-independent learning communities.
One of these had already begun to achieve a level of success
in preparing students to enter the newly established
Philadelphia High School for Creative and Performing Arts.
Nevertheless, the school ranked among the lowest in the city
with respect to student scores on standardized tests of
reading and mathematics proficiency.
The collaboration began in September 1998 when a Villanova
graduate and alumnus of the computer ethics course who, among
all candidates, had earned the highest score among all
candidates on the City of Philadelphia teacher placement
examination, accepted a position as a sixth grade teacher at
Julia de Burgos. His discovery of deficiencies in technology
at the school led directly to the first collaborative project
the design, implementation, and installation of a network
ready computer laboratory utilizing equipment donated as part
of outreach activities under the 1996 Howard Hughes Medical
Institute Undergraduate Biological Sciences Initiative grant
to Villanova University. The new laboratory had an immediate
tonic effect on teachers, students, and parents at Julia de
Burgos. We discuss some of the first applications and
activities to which it gave rise.
In this paper, we describe and evaluate subsequent
milestones of the collaboration including an ongoing series
of reciprocal visits, additional gifts of equipment,
Villanova participation in an innovative project to improve
student reading proficiency (in which thirty families of
children reading significantly below grade level were given
personal computers for home use and provided subscriptions to
Kidbiz 3000, an electronic service that delivers content from
sources such as the New York Times, automatically rendered in
English at the grade level appropriate to the individual
student), and this years project in which all eighth grade
students completed interdisciplinary exit projects exploring
connections between various risk factors (disease, violence,
drug abuse) and life expectancy under the guidance of a team
of five Villanova undergraduates. These projects were
particularly suited to cultivating global perspectives among
Julia de Burgos students for example, linking their
concerns about HIV/AIDS in the local community with crises in
Africa, Eastern Europe, and Southeast Asia.
We present a more detailed account of the background of
the Villanova Julia de Burgos collaboration with attention
to the physical condition of the school and its surroundings,
the curriculum, the role of parents, the conditions under
which teachers and students work, and how these have changed
over the course of eight years. Apart from the intrinsic
interest of these points, they are significant because they
constitute the boundary conditions that constrain the nature
and scope of the collaborative projects we undertake and they
form the reality confronting those Villanova computing and
information science students who participate actively in the
collaboration.
We discuss some of the results of the collaboration and
particularly the complex web of reciprocal effects it has
produced among students and faculty on both sides of the
effort. Villanova student participants have produced video
and digital photographic archives of their involvement with
Julia de Burgos students and teachers. They have also kept
diaries recording activities and impressions from their work,
from which several Villanova students have produced
remarkably sensitive and nuanced accounts of the life of an
urban elementary school. All these materials have been
incorporated into the module of the computing ethics course
devoted to inequities in access to computers and allied
technologies. They are especially valuable in that they
constitute first-hand accounts of the conditions in an urban
school an environment with which few, if any, Villanova
students are familiar by contemporaries who are available
for further discussion and clarification. In this way, these
materials form an important supplement to the standard
literature on issues of access and preparation for
contemporary life in a world in which education and
technological proficiency are increasingly critical.
Finally, we discuss some of the satisfactions and
frustrations of this effort as well as some of the lessons
learned about building a collaboration linking the university
and elementary school environments. We indicate,
particularly, the ways in which working on different time
scales, different and often conflicting calendars, and
different rhythms complicate the collaboration. We recognize
the fragility of undertakings that depend critically on
individuals rather than institutions, while affirming,
paradoxically, the importance of persevering in such efforts.
We note, also, evidence that a collaboration of this nature
provides a valuable counterweight to the well-documented
narrowing of the public school curriculum entailed by the
high-stakes testing regime associated with current national
educational initiatives in the United States.
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